Ezimbonini zokulawula imfucuza nezigaywa kabusha,izihlukanisi kazibuthedlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlukaniseni kahle nasekususeni izinto kazibuthe emfudlaneni kadoti.Le mishini emangalisayo inomthwalo wemfanelo wokugcina indawo yethu ezungezile ihlanzekile futhi ilondoloze izinsiza eziyigugu.Enhliziyweni yalezi zihlukanisi kukhona isisombululo esihlakaniphile - izinto ezisebenza kazibuthe.
1. Funda ngezinto ezisetshenziswa kazibuthe:
Ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka kwezinto kazibuthe ezihlukanisi kazibuthe, kufanele siqale siqonde umqondo kazibuthe.I-Magnetism yisakhiwo esivezwa yizinto ezithile ukuze zihehe noma zixoshe ezinye izinto.Lokhu kuziphatha kulawulwa ukuhlelwa kwezinto kazibuthe, noma izizinda, ngaphakathi kokubalulekile.
Izinto zikazibuthe zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-ferromagnetic, i-paramagnetic, ne-diamagnetic.Izinto zokwakha ze-Ferromagnetic zinamandla kazibuthe ngenxa yokuzwela kwazo okuphezulu kumagnetization.Lezi zinto zisetshenziswa kakhulu kuzihlukanisi kazibuthe ngenxa yamakhono azo okugcina kazibuthe amahle kakhulu.I-Paramagnetic materials, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibonisa i-magnetism ebuthakathaka futhi ithintwa amandla kazibuthe angaphandle.Izinto ze-Diamagnetic azibonisi ukukhanga kazibuthe futhi zixoshwa ngisho namagnetic field.
2. Indima yezinto zikazibuthe kuzihlukanisi kazibuthe:
Izihlukanisi kazibuthe zisetshenziselwa ukususa kahle ukungcola kwe-ferromagnetic ezintweni ezihlukahlukene ezifana namapulasitiki, izinsimbi, amaminerali, nemfucuza.Ingxenye eyinhloko yalezi zihlukanisi isigubhu sikazibuthe noma ipuleti kazibuthe, eliqukethe uxhaxha lozibuthe abanamandla.Lezi zidonsa ngokuvamile zenziwe ngezinto kazibuthe ezifana neodymium nomai-ferrite, okudala inkambu kazibuthe enamandla ngaphakathi kwesihlukanisi.
Njengoba udoti udlula kusihlukanisi, izinhlayiya ze-ferromagnetic ziyaheheka futhi zinamathele endaweni yesigubhu kazibuthe noma ipuleti kazibuthe.Izinto ezingezona uzibuthe, njengepulasitiki noma ingilazi, ziqhubeka nendlela yazo ezihlosiwe, ziqinisekisa ukuhlungwa kahle kwemfucuza.Ukukhangwa okukhethiwe kwezinto kazibuthe ngezihlukanisi kazibuthe kwenza izinqubo eziphumelelayo zokuhlukanisa.
3. Intuthuko Yezinto Ezizibuthe Zokuhlukanisa Okuthuthukisiwe:
Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, ososayensi nonjiniyela baye benza intuthuko enkulu ezintweni zikazibuthe, bathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwezihlukanisi kazibuthe.Enye yentuthuko enjalo ukusetshenziswa kwezibuthe zomhlaba ezingavamile, ikakhulukaziizibuthe ze-neodymium.Lawa mamagnethi anezindawo ezinozibuthe ezinamandla kakhulu, ezivumela ukuhlukaniswa okungcono kwezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu ze-ferromagnetic.Amandla abo angavamile aguqule imboni yokugaywa kabusha, yaqinisekisa ubumsulwa obuphakeme kanye nokutholwa kwezinsiza ezifanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthuka kwamasu okwenziwa kazibuthe kanye nezingubo zikazibuthe kwenze kwaba lula ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezixubile kazibuthe.Lezi zinto ezixubile zihlanganisa izinto ezihlukene kazibuthe ezinezakhiwo ezihlukile futhi zenzelwe ukwandisa ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu kazibuthe ngaphakathi kwesihlukanisi futhi kwandise ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukana.
Izinto zikamagnetic ziyingxenye ebalulekile yezihlukanisi kazibuthe futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni udoti nasekugayweni kabusha.Izinto zikazibuthe, ngozibuthe wazo ongavamile, ziheha, ziqoqe futhi zihlukanise ukungcola kwe-ferromagnetic, ziqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwemifudlana yemfucuza futhi zivimbele ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka buthuthuka, umkhakha wezinto kazibuthe uzongenisa izinto ezintsha ezithembisayo esikhathini esizayo, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokusimama kwezihlukanisi kazibuthe, futhi ekugcineni kuzuzise iplanethi yethu nezimboni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-18-2023